Temple Towns and Pilgrimage Centres
Temple Towns and Pilgrimage Centres
Temple Towns and Pilgrimage Centres:
Religion in Medieval India was closely connected to the concept of pilgrimage (journeying to a holy place) . Places which were important centers of pilgrimage like Benaras, Madurai, Dwaraka and Konark, often grew into towns and cities . Since most of these towns owed their existence to their temples, they came to be called as temple towns.
In the South , there were several great temple towns such as Mamallapuram,Thanjavur , Madurai and Mysore is an example of a temple town there were some important shrines of Hindus. Temple town represent a very important pattern of urbanization the process by which cities develop. Temple was often central to the economy and society. Rulers built temple to demonstrate their devotion to various deities. They also endowed temple with grants of land and money to carry out of elaborate rituals, feed pilgrims and priests and celebrate festivals. Pilgrims who flocked to the temple also made donations.
Temple authorities used their wealth to finance trade and banking. Gradually a large number of priests, workers, artisans, traders, etc. settled near the temple to cater to its needs and those of the pilgrims. Towns emerged around temple such as those of Bhillasvamin (Bhilsa or Madhya Pradesh) and Somnath in Gujarat. Other important temple towns are Kanchipuram and Madurai in Tamil Nadu, and Tirupati in Andhra Pradesh. Pilgrimage centers also slowly development into townships. Vrindavan (Utter Pradesh) and Tiruvannamalai (Tamil Nadu) are example of two such towns. Ajmer (Rajastan) was the capital of the Chauhan kings in the twelfth century and later because the suba headquarter under the mughals. It provides an excellent example of religious coexistence. Khwaja Muinuddin chishti the celebrated Sufi saint who settled there in the twelfth century, attracted devotees from all creeds. Near Ajmer is a lake, Pushkar, which has attracted pilgrims from ancient times.
Amritsar became the holiest city of the Sikhs in the 16th century CE. The first volume of the Guru Granth Sahib , the scared book of the Sikhs , was complied here and installed in the Darbar Sahib in 1604-1605CE.
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